The connection between tight jaw muscles and migraine
Disorders of the masticatory system, such as temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), can increase the risk of migraine and worsen symptoms. The risk of migraine in TMD patients is up to twice that of the general population.
Symptoms and effects in the head and neck area
Temporomandibular joint and jaw muscle problems can cause pain, tension, and transmit problems towards the base of the skull and upper neck. This tension can contribute to triggering migraines, although it is not usually a direct cause.
Bruxism and jaw muscle clenching
Bruxism, or teeth grinding, is often detected during a dental examination. Jaw muscle clenching, which is more common in migraine patients, can go unnoticed until it causes, for example, tooth fractures.
The role of stress
Stress often manifests as migraine through excessive activity of the jaw muscles. Therefore, in migraine sufferers, the size and tenderness of the jaw muscles, including the temporalis muscles located in the temple area, should always be examined.
Self-care and prevention
Self-massage and stretching of the jaw muscles can alleviate symptoms. For example, gentle massage of the cheek muscles and carefully pressing the jaw downwards help. Treatment of the base of the skull is also beneficial.
Markku Nissilä, specialist in neurology
Frequently asked questions about jaw muscles and migraine
Can tight jaw muscles cause migraines?
Tight jaw muscles are not usually a direct cause of migraine, but they can worsen symptoms and increase the risk of attacks.
What is the difference between bruxism and jaw muscle clenching?
Bruxism is teeth grinding, while jaw muscle clenching is often unnoticeable and may only become apparent when it causes tooth fractures.
Why does stress worsen jaw muscle problems and migraines?
Stress strains the jaw muscles, which can increase tension in the base of the skull and neck, and predispose to migraines.
How can I relieve jaw muscle tension myself?
Massage, stretching, and treatment of the base of the skull bring relief. In addition, stress management is important.
When should I seek professional help?
If you suffer from recurrent jaw pain, difficulty chewing, or headaches, an examination by a dentist, physiotherapist, or neurologist is recommended.